This paper investigates the operational efficiencies of the Port of Dar Es Salaam and Tema Port from 2017 to 2022 using the DEA-AHP model. Quay length, storage area, and crane count are utilized as input variables, while cargo throughput and ship calls serve as output variables. The hybrid DEA model integrated with AHP has to be employed to determine the efficiency scores, accounting for all varied inputs and outputs. Through such an approach, a fair perspective of the comparative performance of both Dar es Salaam and Tema ports is enabled. The research further looks into the effects of externalities related to trade on port efficiency offering an inclusive perspective on the factors that define operational efficiency of the ports. The analysis reveals that the Port of Dar Es Salaam has consistently high efficiency, with scores ranging from 0.936 to 1 and an average efficiency of 0.970189267 for 2017-2019. Tema Port shows more variability in efficiency, ranging from 0.705 to 1, but demonstrates significant improvement over time, achieving an efficiency score of 1 in 2021, with an average of 0.871713025 for 2017-2019. Pearson’s and Spearman’s correlation analyses highlight strong positive relationships between trade levels and efficiencies at both ports. The paper underscores the importance of continuous infrastructure investment, implementation of best management practices, advanced data analytics, regular efficiency monitoring, and collaborative efforts to enhance port performance and manage increasing trade volumes effectively.