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VOL. 13, ISSUE 1 (2026)
Akaporul traditions in Paripadal
Authors
Dr. Kamaraj S
Abstract

This study examines the unique manifestation of Akaporul (subjective/interior) conventions within Paripadal, a pivotal late-Sangam anthology. While traditional Sangam poetry maintains a strict dichotomy between Akam (love) and Puram (heroism/public life), Paripadal represents a significant generic shift by blending human eroticism with religious devotion. According to the Tolkappiyam, Paripadal is specifically noted as a verse form suited for Akapporul, yet it diverges from earlier anthologies like Kuruntokai or Akananuru by grounding its "love" themes in specific geographical and divine contexts—predominantly the worship of Thirumal (Vishnu), Sevvēl (Murugan), and the Vaikai River

In the section on Cheyyuliyal (Prosody), Tholkappiyar states that "Paripadal, which stands as a unique poetic form without being a general verse type, arrives with four structural parts—Kochakam, Arakam, Surithakam, and Eruthu—specifically to convey the theme of love (Kamam)" (Thol. Chey. 1377, 1378).

In the section on Akathiniyiyal (Interior Landscapes/Aesthetics), Tholkappiyar notes:

"The high poetic tradition practiced by learned scholars > is specifically suited to the genres of Kali and Paripattu, > Say the experts." (Thol. Akath. 999)

Thus, Tholkappiyar establishes that the subject matter of Paripadal is primarily Akaporul (the interior landscape of love).

However, the Paripadal poems we find within the Sangam literature corpus sing of Thirumal (Vishnu), Sevvel (Murugan), Madurai, Kali, and the River Vaigai. It is noteworthy that the deities surrounding Madurai and the river itself serve as the central themes. 
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Pages:161-163
How to cite this article:
Dr. Kamaraj S "Akaporul traditions in Paripadal". International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, Vol 13, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 161-163
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