This
study examines the unique manifestation of Akaporul (subjective/interior)
conventions within Paripadal, a pivotal late-Sangam anthology. While
traditional Sangam poetry maintains a strict dichotomy between Akam (love) and
Puram (heroism/public life), Paripadal represents a significant generic shift
by blending human eroticism with religious devotion. According to the Tolkappiyam,
Paripadal is specifically noted as a verse form suited for Akapporul, yet it
diverges from earlier anthologies like Kuruntokai or Akananuru by grounding its
"love" themes in specific geographical and divine
contexts—predominantly the worship of Thirumal (Vishnu), Sevvēl (Murugan), and
the Vaikai River
In
the section on Cheyyuliyal (Prosody), Tholkappiyar states that "Paripadal,
which stands as a unique poetic form without being a general verse type,
arrives with four structural parts—Kochakam, Arakam, Surithakam, and
Eruthu—specifically to convey the theme of love (Kamam)" (Thol. Chey.
1377, 1378).
In
the section on Akathiniyiyal (Interior Landscapes/Aesthetics), Tholkappiyar
notes:
"The
high poetic tradition practiced by learned scholars > is specifically suited
to the genres of Kali and Paripattu, > Say the experts." (Thol. Akath.
999)
Thus,
Tholkappiyar establishes that the subject matter of Paripadal is primarily
Akaporul (the interior landscape of love).
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