Introduction: The present review summarized anatomical aspect of various brachial plexus block techniques and possible variations of brachial plexus.

Methodology: MEDLINE and EMBASE were used using key words like anatomical variations of brachial plexus, interscalene block, supraclavicular block, infraclavicular block and axillary nerve block.

Results: Brachial plexus block techniques used are interscalene block, supraclavicular block, infraclavicular block and axillary block. The interscalene block is used for the shoulder and proximal upper limb procedures; supraclavicular block is most effective for anaesthesia of mid-humerus and below surgeries; infraclavicular block is used for procedures requiring continuous anaesthesia and axillary block is used for procedures distal to the elbow. The two most common methods for localizing the appropriate nerves for brachial plexus blocks are nerve stimulation and ultrasound guidance. Ultrasound guidance has allowed the operator to visualize the needle position within the musculature and has proven especially useful in patients with anatomical variations. The aim of this study is to provide a review on normal brachial plexus anatomy, its variations and different approaches for block.