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VOL. 12, ISSUE 7 (2025)
Evaluating urease inhibition by herbal extracts for peptic ulcer management: A novel approach to combat Helicobacter Pylori and antimicrobial resistance
Authors
Tapan Kumar Mahato, Komal Sharma
Abstract
Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) remains a
significant global health burden, particularly in India, where the mortality
rates from ulcer-related complications are alarmingly high. The major
etiological contributors, Helicobacter pylori infection and
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), disrupt gastric mucosal
defenses through distinct mechanisms, leading to gastric erosion and
ulceration. The treatment of PUD is increasingly challenged by rising
antimicrobial resistance (AMR), notably to clarithromycin and metronidazole,
reducing the effectiveness of standard therapies. Moreover, proton pump
inhibitors (PPIs), the cornerstone of acid suppression, are associated with
adverse effects, including hypomagnesemia, microbial imbalance, and fracture
risk. In response to these limitations, this study investigated the
urease inhibitory potential of 20 traditionally used Indian medicinal plants as
alternative or adjunct therapies. Ethanolic extracts were prepared and
evaluated using a phenol red-based urease-inhibition assay. Results revealed Solanum
nigrum (IC₅₀: 1.25 ± 2.07 µg/mL), Terminalia chebula
(2.44 ± 2.98 µg/mL), and Phyllanthus niruri (2.54 ± 3.05 µg/mL) as
potent inhibitors, outperforming the reference standard thiourea
(4.22 ± 3.44 µg/mL). These herbs demonstrated strong dose-dependent activity,
likely because of bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, and
alkaloids. In contrast, several commonly used herbs, such as Azadirachta
indica and Eclipta prostrata, showed comparatively weaker
inhibition. This study highlights the promising antiurease activity of
selected herbal extracts, supporting their potential integration into PUD
management protocols, especially in antibiotic-resistant cases. Further
isolation and standardization of the active constituents are warranted to
develop consistent and effective herbal formulations. Such alternatives may
reduce dependence on synthetic drugs and help address the growing threat of AMR
in gastrointestinal infection.
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Pages:18-22
How to cite this article:
Tapan Kumar Mahato, Komal Sharma "Evaluating urease inhibition by herbal extracts for peptic ulcer management: A novel approach to combat <i>Helicobacter Pylori</i> and antimicrobial resistance". International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, Vol 12, Issue 7, 2025, Pages 18-22
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