India’s regional strategy towards South Asian countries has shown both elements of continuity and new challenges under Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi. PM Modi’s administration has followed a proactive and assertive regional strategy, emphasizing the principle of ‘Neighbourhood First’ and ‘Act East Policy.’ The main aim of this approach is to strengthen economic ties, enhance connectivity, and foster security cooperation with South Asian countries. Key initiatives include infrastructural projects, energy partnerships, and increased diplomatic engagements. However, India’s regional policy faces significant challenges, including enduring geopolitical rivalries, notably with China, and complex bilateral issues with neighbouring countries such as Pakistan and Nepal. Additionally, domestic political dynamics and border security concerns have at times strained relations. Despite these challenges, Modi’s foreign policy continues to build on traditional diplomatic frameworks while seeking to address new regional dynamics through a combination of diplomatic outreach, economic initiatives, and strategic partnerships. This balance of continuity and adaptation reflects India’s evolving role and aspirations in South Asia.