Background: Knowledge about the causes, distribution, pattern and preventions of malignant neoplasms has been largely based on the development of cancer epidemiology, novel treatment, prevention and screening modalities. Hospital-based cancer registry (HBCR) and Population-based cancer registry (PBCR) which are designed to monitor trends, inform the public on health strategies, and evaluate the effectiveness of cancer control programs have been the major sources of epidemiology reportage of cancer in Nigeria. However, data on reports from LMICs are believed to be underreported as it is common to see such countries with unreliable cancer registries and reporting system, poor resource allocation, including underemphasizing service delivery (from bilateral and multilateral partners and donors). The study of epidemiology of cancer helps to enable the required knowledge on the burden and the devastating effect of cancer for adequate resource allocation to prevention, control and effective treatment in our locality. Sadly, this knowledge is scarcely found in our locality and scanty even in Nigeria at large. This research will help to bridge the knowledge gap by providing the needed exposition concerning the epidemiology, distribution and the pattern of cancer occurrence in Uburu, Ohaozara, Ebonyi, South East and Nigeria at large.

Aim: To evaluate the epidemiology and trends of cancer in Nigeria, using David Umahi Federal University of Teaching hospital Uburu between January 2023-June 2025 as a focal point.

Objective: To determine the demography, and the trends and pattern of cancer patients in DUFUTH between January 2023 to June 2025

Methodology: Data from patient’s file, registers, summary sheets, doctors’ medical and referral notes of cancer patients in DUFUTH were extracted and analyzed between January 2023 to June 2025

Result: A total of 253 cancer cases were received and treated between January 2023 to June 2025 in DUFUTH, out of which, 145 (57.3%) were males while 108(42.7%) were females. Prostate cancer served as the major presenting pattern of malignant condition among all the patients followed by breast cancer and cervical cancers. Majority of the patients were from Enugu state, followed by Imo then Ebonyi state.