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VOL. 12, ISSUE 11 (2025)
An analysis of sustainable development Goals in India
Authors
Dr. Kalakanagouda Patil, Dr. Basavaraj S Benni, Chowdappa VA
Abstract
The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development
established an ambitious, universal framework of 17 Sustainable Development
Goals (SDGs). As a large, diverse and rapidly transforming country, India’s
progress on the SDGs carries global significance. This paper presents a
comprehensive analysis of India’s SDG trajectory by synthesising national
monitoring instruments (notably the SDG India Index and national SDG indicator
frameworks), India’s Voluntary National Review, and international assessments.
We examine national- and state-level trends over the past half-decade, evaluate
goal-wise performance, explore sub-national heterogeneity, assess financing and
institutional arrangements, and identify data and measurement constraints. The evidence indicates a clear
upward trend in composite SDG performance driven by gains in poverty reduction,
energy access and renewables, and several social indicators. However,
substantial challenges persist: inter-state and intra-state disparities remain
wide, environmental goals (water quality, biodiversity, land degradation) lag
behind, gender equality and certain inclusion metrics show limited movement,
and financing and data gaps constrain implementation. We recommend a policy
package combining strengthened localisation, outcome-linked financing, scaled
blended and green finance, robust environmental governance with science-based
monitoring, and a national push to close data gaps with
interoperable administrative and geospatial systems. These measures are tailored to support India in converting recent momentum into durable, equitable SDG outcomes by 2030.
interoperable administrative and geospatial systems. These measures are tailored to support India in converting recent momentum into durable, equitable SDG outcomes by 2030.
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Pages:144-147
How to cite this article:
Dr. Kalakanagouda Patil, Dr. Basavaraj S Benni, Chowdappa VA "An analysis of sustainable development Goals in India". International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, Vol 12, Issue 11, 2025, Pages 144-147
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