This research examined into the intricate dynamics of financial performance in Kenyan commercial banks, with a specific focus on the Return on Assets (ROA) as the dependent variable. The study employs the CAMEL framework, exploring the impact of bank-specific factors on ROA. The conceptual framework outlines the interplay of independent variables such as Capital Adequacy, Asset Quality, Management Efficiency, Earning Quality, Liquidity, Bank Size, and Operating Cost Efficiency.

The study adopted a mixed research design, utilizing both explanatory and descriptive approaches. A sample of ten Kenyan commercial banks is examined over a ten-year period, relying primarily on quantitative secondary data extracted from audited financial statements. A multiple linear regression model is employed to analyze the relationship between the dependent and independent variables.