Background: Physical exercise (PE) determines positive biological and psychological effects that affect the brain and the cognitive functioning and promote a condition of wellbeing.

Objectives: Purpose of the study is to determine if swimming aerobic exercise has an effect on cognition (reasoning, memory, attention, perception and coordination) in primary school children.

Subjects: One hundred twenty-eight children from both sexes ranged from seven to ten years were participated in this study. Methods: Children were divided in two equal groups (sixty-four children in each group). Group (A); They were not involved in any aerobic exercises, Group (B); They were on regular swimming exercises in Wadi Degla Sporting club in El Maadi (60 minutes – 3 times per week for training period of three months). Cognition was evaluated by Cogni Fit brain training program (Initial cognitive assessment); It is a mobile application program that was used to assess cognitive functions.