This paper examines the intersection of environmental degradation and economic development in India from 2000 to 2022. Using statistical analysis of various environmental and economic indicators, we explore the extent to which India's rapid economic growth has affected its natural resources and environmental quality. The study identifies key environmental challenges facing India, evaluates the effectiveness of major environmental policies and economic instruments, and proposes frameworks for sustainable development. Our findings suggest that while India has made significant progress in environmental governance, substantial gaps remain between policy implementation and environmental outcomes, particularly in the areas of air pollution, water management, and climate change mitigation. This research contributes to the evolving discourse on environmental economics in developing nations by providing empirical evidence on India's environmental-economic relationships.