Since the first case of HIV was detected, scientists throughout the globe have focused their attention towards developing a vaccine that is not only able to prevent infections related to HIV but also save lives of people already infected with it. The search for a vaccine is in works since late ‘80s, but there has not been any ground breaking progress in the respective field. Issues in funding, loss of scientists’ interest and failure to generate a solid data in support of HIV vaccine development have always been the obstructions which need to be removed and a lot of work needs to be done to develop an effective and affordable vaccine to completely eradicate the virus. This article will review the various challenges being faced by the scientists in developing vaccine, the mechanism of newly made vaccines, their trials and possible outcomes we can expect based on the scientific studies going on in various parts of the world.