According to the Indian census, carried out in 2011, the population of India was exactly 1,210,193,422, which means India has crossed the 1-billion mark. According to the statistics, it is estimated that in 1st of July 2014, India’s population was 1.267.401.849, which corresponds to 17.5% of the total population of the world and places India on the 2nd place as the country with the biggest population, with a population density of 386 people/km2. India has more than 50% of its population below the age of 25 and more than 65% below the age of 35. It is expected that, in 2020, the average age of an Indian will be 29 years, compared to 37 for China and 48 for Japan; and, by 2030, India's dependency ratio should be just over 0.4. However, the number of children in India peaked more than a decade ago and is now falling. The issue has entered and remained in the agenda of the Indian governments after the independence, starting with an accent on contraceptives and later shifting to education, improved health care system and the diversified birth control methods. The issues of socio-economic backwardness, early marriages and family norms, lack of adequate health care infrastructure and education are among the major factors and implications that aggravate India’s population problem.