Most studies on Zambia’s ethnic groups like that of Mainga on the Luyi and that of Andrew Roberts and Mushindo on the Bemba document the ethnic identities of these groups purely as they came from the Luba -Lunda empire in present day Democratic Republic of the Congo (D.R.C.). Few studies have explored new linguistic, cultural, customary and socio-political characteristics resulting from a process of intermarriages and intermingling leading to the emergence of a new ethnic groups in Zambia. Thus, this study takes on this challenge by examining the meeting in Mumbwa, a rural district in the Central Province of Zambia of some sections of the Kaonde who migrated from the Democratic Republic of Congo (D.R.C) briefly settled in North-Western Province of Zambia and some Ila groups from Namwala in Southern Province which resulted into a new ethnic group called Kaonde-Ila. A qualitative and descriptive design was followed in this study in which data for the study was first collected from the University of Zambia Main Library where documents such as Colonial Reports, books and journal articles were consulted and analysed. These sources provided a broad view on the origins and evolution of the Kaonde-Ila people of Mumbwa district. Secondly data was collected from the National Archives of Zambia where documents notably, District Note Books, Annual Reports and Tour Reports which contained vital information on the Kaonde-Ila where consulted and analysed. The final part of data collection involved field work in Mumbwa district where different categories of people from Kaonde-Ila Royal Establishments were interviewed. The results in this study suggest that through a process of intermarriages and intermingling by these Kaonde and Ila groups, new linguistic, cultural, customary and socio-political characteristics evolved that came to constitute a new Kaonde-Ila society. The study further indicates that, the environmental pattern of Mumbwa district in Central Zambia provided an area of economic transition thereby enforcing a system of economic activities with which the Kaonde-Ila were identified.