This study was conducted to determine the hematological changes before and after hemodialysis, among patients suffering chronic renal failure. Hundred blood samples were collected from fifty patients (12-70 years old) and fifty healthy persons with age ranging between (18-30 years).The samples were analyzed for Complete blood counts, peripheral blood picture and deferential blood counts.The obtained results were statically treated using (SPSS)program. The patients with chronic renal failure before hemodialysis showed abnormal hematological parameters means as low counts for Hb, PCV, RBCs, MCV and MCH. The parameters MCHC, WBCs and platelets showed normal range counts. Reticulocyte count was found to be significantly high compared with the control and the normal standard ranges.