The study was undertaken to access effect of socio-medical factors on fertility status among Scheduled tribe women of Kashmir. The total number of 408 Scheduled Tribe women (Gujjar and Bakkerwal) in the reproductive age (18-45 years) from four districts of Kashmir i.e. Anantnag, Baramulla, Gandarbal and Srinagar were covered. Standard reproductive health status interview schedule as framed by NFHS-3 (National Family Health Survey) volume II 2005-2006 with selective modification as per requirement was used to collect data. The results revealed significant effect (P < 0.05) of Socio-medical factors like educational level, age at marriage, income and husband`s educational level on fertility status of respondents. Thus the study recommends improvement in literacy and socioeconomic status of the tribal people through implementation of various national level schemes.