In the last two decades, some writings and researches on the orphan children, and their orphanages called institutions, have been done. In these, the writers concern about the plight of the orphan children in the orphanage has been voiced, and in the research studies, the children of the orphanage have been subjected to a general kind of study, of their social and psychological features. The purpose of this study was to assess the biological needs of orphans and the environmental condition in the selected orphanage at Jagdalpur. The population compromised of orphan age group between 9-12 years. A sample of 50 orphans was used by random sampling. Data was collected through rating scale and checklist.