In the aim to study the impact of agroforestry practices in cocoa production on some parameters of soil physical fertility, 95 cocoa farms were surveyed in the Southwest of Côte d'Ivoire, main area of cocoa production. This study area was divided into three areas. In each area, two cocoa farms in agroforestry condition (under shade trees associates) and one, in condition of cocoa monoculture were selected. Besides inventory and density of associate trees, the organic content, the particle size, the bulk density, the available water reserve of soil, were determined by the usual methods. The results revealed an average density of 49 associate trees per hectare with a higher effective for agricultural plant species, sandy clay soils with less than 20% clay, bulk density values ranging from 1.17 and 1.44 g.cm^-3 with smaller differences between consecutive horizons of soils in agroforestry situation. The available water reserve of soil has been, significantly, higher with the cocoa farms in agroforestery's condition. Agroforestry in cocoa production system would be suitable for better use of soil water in a context of climate change.