Level of development and prosperity in a region is intrinsically linked with the availability and type of basic amenities and infrastructure to the people on a sustainable basis. Abject scarcity of these facilities in a region adversely affects the efficiency of the people in their economic pursuits, thereby retarding the growth and development of the region as a whole. Not only this, a longstanding deficiency of basic amenities and infrastructure in a region and a neglect on the part of the policy makers eventually alienates people from the mainstream. Forced to live in sub-human condition people tend to rebel against the system. Growth of Maoists and naxalites in certain parts of the country is a testimony to this linkage between persisting under development and absence of basic facilities, on the one hand, and prevailing social and political crises, on the other. One such instance of this nature can be seen in Jangalmahal region of West Bengal. With a predominantly rural base, the region has a significant concentration of scheduled population. The present paper intends to examine the Quality of Life (QOL) of people in terms of status of basic amenities in the region located in the south-western part of West Bengal. The paper is based on data drawn from varied government publications. It is argued that a longstanding deprivation of the people in the region has only contributed to the growth of Maoist activities. The paper, therefore, underlines the importance of a conscious intervention on the part of policy makers and planners for mitigation of the problem without further losing any time.