Rural local governance institutions are considered as partners of the central and state governments in carrying out developmental functions in India. The 73rd constitutional Amendment is a significant in the sense that it has given a constitutional status to rural local governance structures i.e. panchayati Raj institutions in the country. The seminal contribution of the constitutional Amendment is that it has provided mandatory provision of reservation of seats for disadvantaged groups: 33 per cent reservation of seats for women, 15 per cent for the scheduled castes and 7.5 per cent for the scheduled Tribes. In fact, the provision for providing 33 per cent reservation for women at all levels of panchayats is historic particularly if seen in the context of the failure to provide for women’s reservation in the Parliament. An attempt has been made in this paper to analyse the data with regard to the socio-economic background of the women leaders manning the rural Local governance structures in the desert district of Rajasthan. The socio-economic and political conditions play an important role in charactering the social life and behaviour of an individual.